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Image copyright Boeing Image caption The MAX 8 series has only been operating commercially for less than a year, with nearly 190 people on board, shortly after taking off from the Indonesian capital, Jakarta. A lot of attention has focused on the fact the plane, a Boeing 737 MAX 8, was brand new.
Lion Air Flight JT610, on its way to Pangkalpinang, a popular tourist destination a little more than an hour away, lost contact at about 6:33 a.m., 13 minutes after take-off. The Jakarta Post says Lion Air flight JT 610 from Jakarta to Pangkal Pinang, the largest city on Banka island has crashed with at least 188 on board, including passengers, crew, and pilots. The investigation into the crash of Lion Air Flight 610 carries high stakes, not just for the rapidly expanding budget carrier but also for Boeing, which counts the airline as one of the biggest.
This is the first major incident involving that kind of plane. Details so far have been scant and the cause will not be confirmed until a full investigation has been carried out. Plane crashes are often the result of a combination of factors - both technical and human - but could the fact that the plane was so new have played any part?. The Boeing 737 MAX 8 has only been in commercial use since 2017.
And that it had ordered as many as 218 units. The plane involved in Monday's incident has only been in operation since 15 August.
It had logged only 800 hours of flight time, according to the head of the National Transportation Safety Commission, Soerjanto Tjahjano. The pilot is reported to have radioed air traffic control in Jakarta asking for permission to turn back, shortly after taking off. Now it has emerged that the plane had some technical problems on Sunday on its penultimate flight.
A technical log obtained by the BBC for that flight - from Denpasar airport in Bali to Jakarta - suggests that the airspeed reading on the captain's instrument was unreliable, and the altitude readings differed on the captain's and first officer's instruments. As a result of the problem, the captain handed over control of the plane to the first officer, the crew continued their flight and they landed safely at Jakarta. Lion Air have not confirmed the report, but this may have been the unspecified 'technical problem' that the company's chief executive said the plane's Denpasar to Jakarta flight had suffered from. Edward Sirait said that this problem had been 'resolved according to procedure'. He added that Lion Air was currently operating 11 aircraft of the same model. He said there were no plans to ground the rest of the planes. 'Snags' sorted quickly Aviation analyst Gerry Soejatman told the BBC that usually it is old aircraft that are at the highest risk of accidents but that there can also be problems with very new ones.
'If it's very new there are sometimes snags that only reveal themselves after they are used routinely,' he said. 'These usually get sorted within the first three months.' The plane would have hit the three-month mark in just a few weeks. Another analyst, Jon Ostrower of aviation publication The Air Current, said there were 'always new teething issues. That's common, but a far cry from something that would threaten the safety of an aeroplane'.
He added that new planes generally 'enjoy a maintenance holiday because everything is so new, not the reverse'. Both analysts said it was too early to draw definitive conclusions about what had gone wrong with Flight JT 610. 'I don't know what would make a plane this new crash,' Mr Ostrower told the BBC.
'There are so many different factors that can contribute to an accident like this.' Mr Soejatman said he believed it was 'likely to be technical issues that caused it but it's still very early days'. 'We can really only determine the cause when we get more information,' he said. Indonesia's poor aviation safety record, though, has other experts believing that factors such as human error or poor oversight are more likely to be behind Monday's tragedy. By the loss of the plane. It sent its sympathies to the victims' families and said it would co-operate with the investigation. According to Boeing, the 737 MAX series is the fastest-selling plane in its history, and has accumulated almost 4,700 orders.
The MAX 8 has been ordered by airlines including American Airlines, United Airlines, Norwegian and FlyDubai.
A different flight crew had experienced the same issue on a flight from Denpasar to Jakarta the previous day, but had turned off the automatic safety feature, known as the maneuvering characteristics augmentation system (MCAS) and took manual control of the plane. The feature is new to Boeing’s MAX planes and automatically activates to lower the nose to prevent the plane from stalling, based on information sent from its external sensors. Indonesian investigators have already pointed to issues with the plane’s angle-of-attack (AoA) sensors, which had proved faulty on earlier flights. AoA sensors send information to the plane’s computers about the angle of the plane’s nose relative to the oncoming air to help determine whether the plane is about to stall.
CNN aviation analyst David Soucie said that the circumstances created by the plane’s automatic correction would have made pilot intervention “impossible.” Responding to the report, Boeing said it was “deeply saddened” by the loss of the Lion Air flight — but maintained the 737 MAX 8 “is as safe as any airplane that has ever flown the skies.” Wednesday’s preliminary report recommends that Lion Air review its safety culture while the investigation continues, and while officials search for cockpit voice recorder (CVR), which is believed to be buried under mud on the ocean floor. It should reveal what the pilots were saying and why they didn’t turn off the safety feature. “We need to know what was the pilot discussion during the flight. What was the problem that may heard on the CVR. So why the action difference, this is the thing we need to find.
At the moment I don’t have the answer,” said Captain Nurcahyo Utomo, NTSC’s head of aviation. Issue reported two minutes into flight The preliminary report said Flight 610 reported a “flight control problem” minutes after taking off from the Indonesian capital on October 29 en route to the city of Pangkal Pinang, on the island of Bangka. Within 90 seconds of takeoff, the co-pilot asked air traffic control to confirm air speed and altitude. Thirty seconds after that he reported that they had experienced a “flight control problem,” the report said.
After the aircraft’s flaps retracted following takeoff, the automatic trim problem noted on the previous night’s flight returned, until the flight data recorder stopped recording when the plane crashed. The report said the pilots on the plane’s penultimate flight reported that instruments were showing inaccurate readouts from the angle-of-attack (AoA) sensors. The report said that the plane was “automatically trimming” on the previous flight — that is, the computer was adjusting the aircraft’s attitude — so the pilots switched to manual trim and, as their safety checklists didn’t recommend an emergency landing, they continued to Jakarta. Further maintenance on the AoA sensor was carried out in Jakarta prior to Flight 610’s takeoff the next morning.
After the flight took off, the instruments recorded a substantial discrepancy in the aircraft’s angle — as much as 20 degrees. As part of the continued investigation, the faulty AoA sensor will undergo further testing, the NTSC said.
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It plans to finish its report within 12 months. “We don’t receive any information from Boeing or from (the) regulator about that additional training for our pilots,” Zwingli Silalahi, Lion Air’s operational director told CNN on November 14. Both the pilot and co-pilot of Flight 610 were experienced, the airline has said, with 6,000 and 5,000 flight hours respectively.
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Boeing stood by the aircraft’s safety record. “We are confident in the safety of the 737 MAX. Safety remains our top priority and is a core value for everyone at Boeing,” a spokesperson said. Earlier this month, Indonesian investigators who examined the jet’s flight data recorder said there were problems with the air speed indicator on the three flights before the crash. The plane was intact with its engines running when it crashed, at more than 450 mph (720 kph), into the Java Sea, Soerjanto Tjahjono, head of Indonesia’s National Transportation Safety Committee, said at the time. Tjahjono said that due to the small size of the debris found and loss of the plane’s engine blades, investigators determined that Flight 610 did not explode in the air, but was in “good shape” before it crashed 13 minutes after takeoff.
